ABSTRACT
COVID-19 mortality rate has not been formally assessed in Nigeria. Thus, we aimed to address this gap and identify associated mortality risk factors during the first and second waves in Nigeria. This was a retrospective analysis of national surveillance data from all 37 States in Nigeria between February 27, 2020, and April 3, 2021. The outcome variable was mortality amongst persons who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Incidence rates of COVID-19 mortality was calculated by dividing the number of deaths by total person-time (in days) contributed by the entire study population and presented per 100,000 person-days with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI). Adjusted negative binomial regression was used to identify factors associated with COVID-19 mortality. Findings are presented as adjusted Incidence Rate Ratios (aIRR) with 95% CI. The first wave included 65,790 COVID-19 patients, of whom 994 (1∙51%) died;the second wave included 91,089 patients, of whom 513 (0∙56%) died. The incidence rate of COVID-19 mortality was higher in the first wave [54∙25 (95% CI: 50∙98–57∙73)] than in the second wave [19∙19 (17∙60–20∙93)]. Factors independently associated with increased risk of COVID-19 mortality in both waves were: age ≥45 years, male gender [first wave aIRR 1∙65 (1∙35–2∙02) and second wave 1∙52 (1∙11–2∙06)], being symptomatic [aIRR 3∙17 (2∙59–3∙89) and 3∙04 (2∙20–4∙21)], and being hospitalised [aIRR 4∙19 (3∙26–5∙39) and 7∙84 (4∙90–12∙54)]. Relative to South-West, residency in the South-South and North-West was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 mortality in both waves. In conclusion, the rate of COVID-19 mortality in Nigeria was higher in the first wave than in the second wave, suggesting an improvement in public health response and clinical care in the second wave. However, this needs to be interpreted with caution given the inherent limitations of the country's surveillance system during the study.
ABSTRACT
Editor in Chief, African Journal of Reproductive Health, Centre Leader, Centre of Excellence in Reproductive Health Innovation, University of Benin, Nigeria When the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) gave birth to the science of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) in Cairo, Egypt in 1994, the sub-Saharan African region provided sordid social examples of the abuse of sexuality and sexual rights that warranted the emergence of the discipline. Participants at the conference provided evidence indicating that these adverse social, economic, and cultural experiences, accounted for the high rate of maternal deaths, unwanted pregnancies, teenage pregnancies, unsafe abortion, and reproductive morbidities experienced in the African region as compared to other world regions. [...]the Conference agreed to adopt a new approach to programming based on the social development and empowerment of women, especially those grounded on the principles of human rights, equity, gender equality, and social justice. Covering a wide-range of topics such as teenage/adolescent sexuality, female genital cutting, maternal health, and women's experiences of COVID-19, the papers speak uniformly of the existence of sexual and reproductive health denials in all part of the continent, and provide detailed explanation of the social change contour needed to overcome the challenges and promote social development in the African continent.
ABSTRACT
[...]this day, his achievements have remained unsurpassed by any health administrator in the country. 7) How may PHC be better deployed to address second-generation threats to human security like the rising frequency of zoonotic disease outbreaks (as witnessed in recent decades with EVD, SARS, MERS, Zika, and Covid-19), growing inequities in access to digital health resources, and worsening public health impacts of the climate crisis? To this end, as announced in this issue of the journal and in subsequent issues, the AJRH in partnership with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) is calling for research papers as contributions to a special edition of the journal to be launched in May 2023 to celebrate the memories of Professor Olikoye Ransome-Kuti and his contributions to health promotion and global development. ÉDITORIAL Soins de santé primaires et couverture sanitaire universelle en Afrique: pérenniser l'héritage d'Olikoye Ransome-Kuti DOI: 10.29063/ajrh2022/v26i9.1 Friday Okonofua1, Lorretta Ntoimo2, Bola Ekezue3, Ukpai Eze4, Akhere Omonkhua5 Uche Menakaya6, Babatunde Ahonsi7, Rachel Snow8 et Joseph Balogun9 Rédacteur en chef, AJRH, chef de centre, Centre africain d'excellence en innovation en santé reproductive, üniversite du Bénin, Nigéria1;Éditeur en sciences sociales, Departement de démographie et de statistiques sociales, üniversite fedérale d'Oye-Ekiti, Nigéria2;Éditeur en sciences sociales et en économie, Broadwell College of Business and Economics, Fayetteville State University, Caroline du Nord, États-Unis3;Éditeur scientifique, Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculté des sciences de la santé et de la vie, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, Royaume-Uni4;Éditeur scientifique, Département de biochimie médicale, Université du Bénin, Nigéria5;Éditeur clinique, directeur, JUNIC Specialist Imaging and Women's Centre, Calvary Public Hospital, Australie6;Coordonnateur resident des Nations Unies en Sierra Leone, Freetown7;Chef, Population et Développement, UNFPA, New York, États-Unis8;Professeur émérite de physiothérapie, Chicago State University, Chicago, Illinois, États-Unis9 *Pour la Correspondance: Courriel: feokonofua@yahoo.co.uk;Friday.okonofua@cerhi.uniben.edu Ce mois de septembre 2022 marque 19 ans et quatre mois depuis qu'Olikoye Ransome-Kuti, professeur de pédiatrie a l'Université de Lagos et directeur de l'Institut de santé infantile de l'Université est décédé a l'âge de 75 ans.